资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
贵州茅台重磅公告!事关275亿元特别分红******
贵州茅台的特别红利即将兑现!
12月20日晚间,贵州茅台公告,2022年度回报股东特别分红实施,股权登记日为12月26日,除权(息)日、现金红利发放日为12月27日。每股派发现金红利21.91元(含税),共计派发现金红利275.23亿元。
用1个月时间分红到位
11月28日晚间,贵州茅台公告回报股东特别分红方案,12月14日公司股东大会审议通过了上述方案,再到12月20日公布实施公告,特别分红方案实施历时不到1个月。
贵州茅台将向全体股东每股派发现金红利21.91元(含税),这一特别分红方案在贵州茅台发展的历史中尚属首次。国泰君安发布研报称,自2015年起茅台现金分红比例均超过50%。此次若考虑年中分红272.28亿元,则贵州茅台2022年全年分红将达到547.51亿元,占2021年净利润的104.37%。
对于此次分红方案,投资者持不同态度。有投资者表示,今天贵州茅台每股下跌了58元,相当于市场已经除权了,而每股逾21元的分红在高价股的波动中掀不起太大波浪。
不过,也有投资者表示,每股超21元的分红也不少了,一手就可以分到2000多元。
贵州茅台提示,已办理指定交易的投资者可于红利发放日在其指定的证券营业部领取现金红利,未办理指定交易的股东红利暂由中国结算上海分公司保管,待办理指定交易后再进行派发。
对于特别分红的目的,贵州茅台称,一是公司持续、稳定、健康发展的需要;二是在保证公司正常经营和长期发展不受影响的前提下,加大现金分红力度,提振市场信心;三是积极回报股东,与股东分享公司发展红利,增强广大股东的获得感。
今年第二家派发特别现金红利的公司
此次贵州茅台派发特别现金红利为其历史上首次,也是今年来A股第二家派发特别现金红利的上市公司。
今年4月29日,中国海油也曾宣布实施特别分红,公司拟向全体股东派发特别现金红利每股1.18港元(含税),A股股东股息以人民币支付,每股派发现金红利1.00699元(含税)。中国海油当时公告称,此次派发的股息包括2021年度末期股息及香港上市20周年特别股息。
公开资料显示,在A股市场上,新华保险、中国平安、中国太保、中国神华、白云山等上市公司也曾派发特别现金红利。
分析人士指出,A股历史上派发特别现金红利的上市公司以国企和央企为主,贵州茅台此次大手笔派发特别现金红利为上市公司树立了标杆,不排除其他国企和央企也有类似提高分红比率的动作。
如何判断上市公司现金分红能力?上交所此前公开发文称,虽然定期报告中的现金流量指标并不能完全代表上市公司分红时可支配的现金金额,但是一般理解,公司的分红能力还是取决于经营质量和可以支配的现金流。因此,现金流量指标不宜直接作为判断公司分红能力的刚性量化指标,但可以作为一个重要的参考指标,是对上市公司分红能力的侧面印证。
证监会主席易会满称,2017年至2021年,我国上市公司现金分红超6万亿元。下一步深化资本市场改革,仍须进一步增强上市公司价值创造能力,提升行业机构专业能力,实现实体经济发展、上市公司质量提升与投资者回报增长的良性互促。
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)